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Inate immunity

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Immunology is the science that is concern with immune response to foreign challenge or simply study of the body diffence against infection. The ability of an organism to resist infection by pathogens or state of protection against foreign organisms or substances is called immunity ( derived from latin term immunies). The array of cells , tissues and organs which carry out this activity constitute the immune system . The immune responses is a complex process and its derived into two categories - innate or native and adaptive or acquired immunity. Innate immunity is a general, non specific immune response which present in all individuals at all times. In contrast to innate immunity adaptive immunity is highly specific to the particular pathogen that induced it. It develops during the lifetime of an individual as a response to infection and adaptation to the infection.Thus , when given pathogen is a new to the host, it is initially recognised by the innate immune system and then
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Amino acid and protein

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Amino acids are compounds containing carbon ,hydrogen ,Oxygen, and nitrogen and serve as monomers of proteins. As the name implies, this compounds contain both and amino group and carboxylic group. In an Alpha Amino acid, the amino and carboxyl groups and attached to the same carbon atom, which is called called the Alpha carbon . The various Alpha amino acids difffer with respect to the side chain.( R group) attached to their alpha carbon. The R group or side chain attach to the Alpha carbon is different in each Amino acid. In the simplest case, the R group is hydrogen atom and amino acid is glycine. With the exception of proline, all Alpha amino acids have same general structure. Prolin is unique among the standard Alpha Amino acids because it is not a primary amino acid. But rather is secondary amino acid, sometimes called an imino acid unlike the primary and acid which contain a primary amino group (-NH2), proline is secondary amine which contains a secondary amino
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Biomolecules

Biomolecules  are carbon based organic compounds that are produced by a living organisms . More than 25 naturally occurring chemical elements are found in biomolecules, but these biomolecules consists primarily of carbon (C) , hydrogen (H) ,nitrogen( N) , oxygen (O) , phosphorus (P) , and sulphur (S) .          Biomolecules including both small and large molecules. The small biomolecules  are low molecular weight ( less than 1000) compounds which includes sugars, fatty acids,amino acid, nucleotide, vitamin, hormones, neurotransmitter, primary and secondary metabolites.  Large biomolecules  which have high molecular weight are called  Macromolecules and mostly are polymer of small biomolecules. These Macromolecules are protein, carbohydrates, protein and nucleic acid.     Micromolecules                  Macromolecule   Sugars ( ex . glucose)        polysaccharide (ex.                                                     Starch). Amino acids                               protein   Nucleot
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